Dr.Manoj Kumar.S BDS, MDS-Prosthodontics, FICOI, MICOI, Board Certified Dentist-Canada

DENTAL FLUOROSIS: A condition of emamel hypoplasia characterized by white chalky spots or brown staining and pitting of teeth due to an increased level of fluoride affecting enamel matrix formation and calcification by impairment of ameloblastic function. CLINICAL FEATURES: 1. yellow to brown pigmentation 2.varing degrees of pitting and mottling 3.bilaterral symmetric distribution 4.varying levels of severity 5.a permanent disfigurement 6severe mottling may result in excessive wear and fracturing of the incisal and occlusal surfaces due to soft enamel. Differential Diagnosis: 1.dental fluorosis 2.focal enamel hypoplasia 3.enamel hypoplasia from congenital syphilis 4.contemporaneous hypoplasia 5.hypoplasia due to vitamin D deficiency 6.incipient caries 7.amelogenesis imperfecta Classification Criteria for Mild Dental Fluorosis - Dean's Fluorosis Index Score Criteria : Normal: The enamel represents the usual translucent semivitriform type of ...

Definition Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) is a bacterial infection that produces growths on the endocardium (the cells lining the inside of the heart). Subacute bacterial endocarditis usually (but not always) is caused by a viridans streptococci (a type of bacteria); it occurs on damaged valves, and, if untreated, can become fatal within six weeks to a year. Description Endocarditis has traditionally been classified as acute or subacute based upon the pathogenic organism and the clinical presentation. This distinction has become less clear, however, and the less specific term "infective endocarditis" is now more commonly used. Most patients who develop infective endocarditis have underlying cardiac disease, although this is frequently not the case with intravenous drug abusers and hospital-acquired infections. Important factors that determine the clinical presentation are: 1.the nature of the infecting organism 2.whether the infection is superimposed upon preexisting a...

Treatment Planning for Single Missing Teeth Single Tooth Replacement Options Fixed Partial Denture (FPD) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) Interim or Transitional Partial Denture (Flipper) Implant Supported Restoration Resin Retained Bridge (Maryland bridge) Cantilever Bridge Indications for Single Tooth Replacement Traumatically avulsed tooth Congenitally missing tooth Extraction of non-restorable tooth External resorption Removable Partial Denture Advantages Disadvantages ·Indicated when acrylic will improve ·Requires an essential amount of metal appearance (excessive bone loss) framework and tooth support to replace · Least expensive one or two teeth · Treatment of choice for patients who have difficulty with hygiene Fixed Partial Denture Advantages Disadvantages ·Esthetics ...